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Feature Article
Auditing and Reporting the Use of CL Commands
By Dan Riehl - SecureMyi.com
When I discuss the topic of auditing, I'm referring to the IBM i auditing capability in which certain predefined activities or events cause an audit log record to be written as a formatted journal entry to the system's audit journal QAUDJRN. Auditing using QAUDJRN isn't automatically configured, so when you first start your system, you must configure the IBM i QAUDJRN auditing to meet your specific auditing requirements as defined by the system administrator, the security officer, the security policy, and your IT auditors.
Once you've configured your auditing environment, regular reporting of the QAUDJRN activities and events should be instituted to ensure adherence to policy. When audit journal entries are written to QAUDJRN, you have the sound basis needed to accurately analyze and report on current and historical events.
Even assuming a regular QAUDJRN reporting regimen, there will be occasions when you need to go back and dig out past events. These past events may have negatively affected your system, or you may want simply to check on who did what, when. For example, you may want to determine who changed Fred's user profile to assign him *ALLOBJ and *SECADM special authority. When did it occur, and how was it accomplished?
In cases like this, you can use forensic evaluation methods to extract the relevant audit entries from QAUDJRN to determine the culprit. In recent cases, I have been asked to use the QAUDJRN forensic reporting methods to solve some interesting mysteries, such as:
- A particular user profile keeps becoming disabled. Why?
- An RPG program ran correctly on Saturday but ended abnormally on Sunday. Did someone change the program between Saturday and Sunday?
- Who changed the System Value QCRTAUT from *CHANGE to *ALL, and when did the change occur?
- How did a new file end up in a library with incorrect private authorities, when the library's CRTAUT was specified correctly?
- Who has used the UPDDTA(DFU) command, and what files were they viewing and potentially editing?
- What CL commands were run from the command line by all *ALLOBJ users?
- Who has run compiler commands (e.g., CRTRPGPGM, CRTBNDRPG, CRTCLPGM, etc.) to create new programs on the production system?
All these mysteries were successfully solved by using the forensic analysis of the QAUDJRN journal. It is important to note that I was able to analyze the audit entries because the customers were auditing the particular events that comprised these incidents. For example, if the auditing setup did not include the QAUDLVL system value inclusion of *SECURITY, I wouldn't have been able to discover who changed the system value QCRTAUT. Changes to system values are audited only when QAUDLVL contains the value *SECURITY or the sub-value *SECCFG.
Is Your System Ready to Start Command Auditing?
If you're unsure about the auditing settings on your IBM i, you can use the Display Security Auditing Values (DSPSECAUD) command. Run the command to discover the current auditing settings on your system. If you see from the DSPSECAUD display that the journal QAUDJRN doesn't exist, you need to configure the system to start auditing. The easiest way to configure auditing is to use the Change Security Auditing Values (CHGSECAUD) command.
To audit command usage on the i, you must configure the QAUDCTL system value to allow auditing. In the case of auditing command usage, the system value QAUDCTL should be set to include the value *OBJAUD. However, in a standard auditing environment, you typically set the QAUDCTL system value to include the three values *AUDLVL, *OBJAUD, and *NOQTEMP.
Read More . .
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Live Security Related Webcasts and Training for IBM i
September Events
Live Hands-On - IBM i Query Workshop for Technical Staff and End Users with Dan Riehl
Training Workshop - Sep 23 - Presented by The 400 School, Inc.
Dan Riehl presents this Full-Day Live Online Hands-on Workshop.
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Coffee with Carol: What's New in V7R2 Security!
Live Webcast - Presented by Skyview Partners
Wednesday, Sep 24 10:00am CDT
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Live Hands-On - QAUDJRN Auditing and Forensic Analysis Workshop with Dan Riehl
Training Workshop - Sep 25-26 - Presented by The 400 School, Inc.
Dan Riehl presents this 2-Day Live Online Hands-on Workshop.
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Live Hands-On - Expanded Control Language Programming Workshop with Dan Riehl
Training Workshop - Sep 29-Oct 3 - Presented by The 400 School, Inc.
Dan Riehl presents this 5-Day Live Online Hands-on Workshop.
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October Events
COMMON 2014 Fall Conference & Expo
October 27 - 29
Hyatt Regency Indianapolis • Indianapolis, Indiana
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November Events
Live Hands-On - IBM i, iSeries System Administration and Control Workshop with Dan Riehl
Training Workshop - Nov 3-7 - Presented by The 400 School, Inc.
Dan Riehl presents this 5-Day Live Online Hands-on Workshop.
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Live Hands-On - Security Audit and Vulnerability Assessment Workshop for IBM i, iSeries AS/400 with Dan Riehl
Training Workshop - Nov 11-14 - Presented by The 400 School, Inc.
Dan Riehl presents this 4-Day Live Online Hands-on Workshop.
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Security Shorts
Quick Insight into Your Group Profiles
By Dan Riehl - SecureMyi.com
A member of a group profile inherits all authorities and special authorities from their group(s). In order to manage your groups, it's important to know what users are in those groups.
When you need a list of all the users who belong to a particular group profile, it's easy to get. Just use the DSPUSRPRF (Display User Profile) command as follows:
DSPUSRPRF USRPRF(GroupProfileName) TYPE(*GRPMBR)
For GroupProfileName, substitute the name of the group profile for which you want to list the group members.
If you want a full system listing of members of all group profiles you can use the command DSPAUTUSR(Display Authorized Users) as follows:
DSPAUTUSR SEQ(*GRPPRF) OUTPUT(*PRINT)
For a nice GUI look into your users and groups, IBM i Navigator for Windows( aka Operations Navigator) provides the nicest presentation.
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